Generally speaking, direct instruction may be the most common teaching approach in the United States, since teacher-designed and teacher-led instructional methods are widely used in American public schools. For example, teachers may use direct instruction to prepare students for an activity in which the students work collaboratively on a group project with guidance and coaching from the teacher as needed the group activity would not be considered a form of direct instruction.
In addition, the basic techniques of direct instruction not only extend beyond lecturing, presenting, or demonstrating, but many are considered to be foundational to effective teaching. For example:. In recent decades, the concept of direct instruction has taken on negative associations among some educators. Because direct instruction is often associated with traditional lecture-style teaching to classrooms full of passive students obediently sitting in desks and taking notes, it may be considered outdated, pedantic, or insufficiently considerate of student learning needs by some educators and reformers.
For example, all teachers, by necessity, use some form of direct instruction in their teaching—i. Negative perceptions of the practice tend to arise when teachers rely too heavily upon direct instruction, or when they fail to use alternative techniques that may be better suited to the lesson at hand or that may improve student interest, engagement, and comprehension. This could also be reading of text or journal articles related to course content.
Completion of questions regarding lab. Independent Study:. Could utilize information from the online and traditional delivery methods. Indirect instruction in online learning is satisfied by several means which can include, but is not limited to, the students doing the following:. Distributed practice is focused practice on a specific skill, strategy, or concept. The frequency of these practice assessments is determined by the difficulty level of the skill and according to individual student needs.
Maintenance may also include cumulative practice. Instructors often want to know how much time they should spend on each phase. Although there are no specific guidelines concerning how much time should be devoted to each phase, the bulk of the instruction should occur within the guided practice phase National Center on Intensive Intervention, Teaching Matters Explicit Instruction.
Monitoring- how will you formatively assess learning and collect data on student learning? Feedback — how will you respond to student learning: move learning forward, address misconceptions, and areas of difficulty? Calvin, S. Traver, Sara, Dr. A Focus on Direct Instruction. Direct Instruction The Glossary of Education Reform. Class-Image by emmaws4s from Pixabay. Skip to content. Key Takeaways In addition, the basic techniques of direct instruction not only extend beyond lecturing, presenting, or demonstrating, but many are considered to be foundational to effective teaching.
For example: Establishing learning objectives for lessons, activities, and projects, and then making sure that students have understood the goals. Purposefully organizing and sequencing a series of lessons, projects, and assignments that move students toward stronger understanding and the achievement of specific academic goals.
Reviewing instructions for an activity or modeling a process—such as a scientific experiment—so that students know what they are expected to do. Providing students with clear explanations, descriptions, and illustrations of the knowledge and skills being taught. Asking questions to make sure that students have understood what has been taught. High Levelage Practice 16 Use Explicit Instruction Teachers make content, skills, and concepts explicit by showing and telling students what to do or think while solving problems, enacting strategies, completing tasks, and classifying concepts.
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