Injury to the corpus callosum can cause problems with these functions and also other, more specific issues. Injury to any part of the corpus callosum can lead to loss of contact between the hemispheres, which can cause a variety of disorders.
Pseudobulbar palsy is a condition that affects the ability to control the muscles of your face. As a result, it can cause the person to make strange facial expressions. The brainstem controls most of the muscles in your face, but these signals must pass through the corpus callosum.
Therefore, if it becomes damaged, problems related to facial movement can arise. Ataxia refers to a lack of control or coordination of voluntary movements. Depending on which muscles it affects, this could cause problems with:. Since each hemisphere controls the opposite side of the body, the brain must coordinate movements with both sides. This coordination is mediated by the corpus callosum. If the corpus callosum is injured, however, then signals cannot pass from one hemisphere to the other.
This can lead to serious coordination problems. One of the strangest symptoms of corpus callosum damage is a condition known as alien hand syndrome. While it most commonly affects the left hand, it can affect the right in some cases.
This condition causes the hand to seemingly move and act on its own without any cognitive control or awareness from the person. These movements are not simply random, involuntary muscle spasms either. Instead, the affected hand performs goal-oriented tasks, as if it is being controlled by someone else. For example, your hand might pick up an object, or touch your face, or button your shirt without any conscious input from you.
Sometimes the hand might engage in counterproductive actions, such as closing a door your other hand just opened. In some extreme cases, the hand has tried to harm the patient by choking them.
People with alien hand syndrome often feel like their hand is foreign. But they do not deny ownership of their hand, as occurs in other neurological disorders, such as left neglect. Corpus callosum injuries are difficult to treat. An MRI scan or ultrasound can verify whether the corpus callosum is missing. At times the corpus callosum is missing without manifesting related side effects. It is common that other physical disorders are evident in the eyes, the face, or the formation of the spine - spina bifida.
Everything on brain injury in plain language. Home » Consequences » Impact per brain area » Corpus callosum - brainbar. Early diagnosis and interventions are currently the best treatments to improve social and developmental outcomes. Prognosis depends on the extent and severity of malformations. Intellectual impairment does not worsen.
Individuals with a disorder of the corpus callosum typically have delays in attaining developmental milestones such as walking, talking, or reading; challenges with social interactions; clumsiness and poor motor coordination, particularly on skills that require coordination of left and right hands and feet such as swimming, bicycle riding, and driving; and mental and social processing problems that become more apparent with age, with problems particularly evident from junior high school into adulthood.
The NINDS conducts and supports a wide range of studies that explore the complex mechanisms of normal brain development.
NINDS-funded research includes studies to understand the genetic causes of ACC, as well as to understand how magnetic resonance imaging findings may help predict outcome and response to therapy.
This organization works to enhance the quality of life and promote opportunities for individuals with disorders of the corpus callosum and to raise the profile, understanding, and acceptance of these disorders through research, education, advocacy, and networking. A variety of risk factors can increase the chances of developing ACC. Exposure to certain drugs and alcohol during pregnancy is another risk factor. For example, trisomy is linked to ACC.
In trisomy, your child has an extra copy of chromosome 8, 13, or Most cases of ACC occur alongside other brain abnormalities. For example, they may recommend medications to control seizures. They may also recommend speech, physical, or occupational therapy to help your child manage other symptoms. Depending on the severity of their condition, your child may be able to lead a long and healthy life with ACC. Ask their doctor for more information about their specific condition, treatment options, and long-term outlook.
ACC is a birth defect that can cause mild to severe developmental delays. Environmental and genetic factors can play a role in its development.
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